Phc 212 - Concept of Health Education and Promotion

Concept Of Health Education And Promotion

PHC 212/11578 [pic 1]

[Author][pic 2][pic 3][pic 4]

Submitted By:                                                                

Mona  Bokhamsin  140077595

Souad Alazama 140054159

Obesity

          Obesity is one of the major and serious health problems in the 21st century. A person is considered to be obese when there

is an excess body fat that may cause negative effect on the person’s health and wellbeing. It is usually caused when there is an energetic difference between calorie consumption and calorie usage. Body Mass Index is used to sort the types of obesity. Its the percentage of fat in relation to total body fat, class 1 obesity (BMI 30 – 45 kg/m2), class 2 obesity (BMI 35- 40 kg/m2) and class 3 obesity (morbid) is 40 kg/m2 and above. Obesity has dangerous consequences on the individual. Morbidity and mortality rates are increased between obese people, as obesity raises the possibility of physical and mental diseases like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, sleep apnea and asthma as a result it reduces life expectancy by 6-7 years.

• The World health organization defined obesity as having BMI more or equal to 30. WHO statistics revealed that 13% of the world’s adult population (11% men and 15% women) was obese in 2014. In 2014, 39% of adults aged 18+ (38% men and 40% women) were overweight. Sadly the studies showed that obesity has more than doubled between 1980 and 2014 worldwide, which made it a problem that should be seriously addressed.
• There are many causes that lead to obesity such as unhealthy food intake, lack if physical activity, inactive life style and genetics. All these factors contribute in the increase rates of obesity. According to Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia, obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI) over 30 kg/m2; has 28.7% popularity rate. It had higher rates among females than in males, 33.5% females and 24.1% males. Its occurrence increased by age and was at its maximum between people aged 55 – 64 years, with levels of 48.0%. Morbid obesity was 2.5% in men and 4.7% in women. Unfortunately the statistics showed that half of women were physically inactive, while 29% in men engaged in some athletic regime. On the other hand, 23% of men were physically inactive.

Preventing Childhood Obesity

Healthcare Promotion Program

The program was constructed in four phases: diagnosis, program development, implementation, and evaluation.

1- Diagnosis phase:

In this phase the team collected the following data:

• Socio-demographic data for all children are in the range of 4 –12 years, regardless of their BMI along with their caregivers.
• Obtain past and present medical history for children through physical examination and collecting medical information.
• Assess children’s dietary intake, nutrition knowledge, physical activity, sedentary behaviors (TV time spent by child) and sleeping hours per night.
• Calculate child body mass index BMI and compare it based on the child’s growth chart and BMI percentile’s curve. Targeted children whom had BMI at or above the 85th percentile and below the 95th percentile for children and teens of the same age and sex.
• Measure waist circumference, percent body fat, skinfold thickness, prevalence of obesity and overweight. 

2- Program development phase:

In this phase the program was designed based on the results obtained from the diagnosis stage. It took period of 1 month; it was conducted in 3 meetings (1 meeting every 10 days). An educational program was designed to increase awareness in the following areas: