Paper - Advanced Computer Architecture

PAPER - ADVANCED COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

Explain the fundamentals of computer Design, various Technology Trends in Computer Industry, The Impact of Time, Volume, Com-modification, and Packaging, How to calculate cost of an Integrated Circuit and explain how cost becomes price, How to measure and report the performance of the systems, What is Benchmark. Explain various Benchmark suites.

Benchmark Suites

Recently, it has become popular to put together collections of benchmarks to try to measure the performance of processors with a variety of applications. One of the most successful attempts to create standardized benchmark application suites has been the SPEC (Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation), which had its roots in the late 1980s efforts to deliver better benchmarks for workstations. Just as the computer industry has evolved over time, so has the need for different benchmark suites, and there are now SPEC benchmarks to cover different application classes, as well as other suites based on the SPEC model.

Desktop Benchmarks

Desktop benchmarks divide into two broad classes: CPU intensive benchmarks and graphics intensive benchmarks intensive CPU activity). SPEC originally created a benchmark set focusing on CPU performance (initially called SPEC89), which has evolved into its fourth generation: SPEC CPU2000, which follows SPEC95, and SPEC92.

Amdahl's Law

The performance gain that can be obtained by improving some portion of a computer can be calculated using Amdahl's Law. Amdahl's Law states that the performance improvement to be gained from using some faster mode of execution is limited by the fraction of the time the faster mode can be used. Amdahl's Law defines the speedup that can be gained by using a particular feature.

Speedup is the Ratio

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