Organizational Behavior

1. You can find here-in-after a list of important OB concepts that you need to understand for filling-in-the blanks questions

- Content theories, Process theories

: The content theories of motivation focus primarily on individual needs-physiological or psychological deficiencies that we feel a compulsion to reduce or eliminate. The content theories try to explain work behaviors based on path ways to need satisfaction and on blocked needs. The chapter discusses Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, Alderfer's ERG theory, McClelland's acquired needs theory, and Herzberg's two-factor theory

The process theroies of motivation focus on how cognitive processes as thoughts and decisions within the minds of people influence their behavior, Whereas a content approach may identify job security as an important individual need, a process approach would probe further to identify why the decision to seek job security result in certain work behaviors. Three process theories discussed in this chapter are equity theory, expectancy theory, and goal-setting theory.

- Hierarchy of needs theory, self-actualization need

: Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory

Physiological  Safety  Social  Esteem  Self-Actualization

Self-actualization : Highest need level; need to fulfill oneself to grow and use ability to fullest and most creative extent.

- Two factor theory, hygiene factor, motivator factor

: Herzberg explained these result using what he called the two factor theory, also known as the motivator-hygiene theory. This theory identifies motivator factors as primary cause of job satisfaction and hygiene factor as primary causes of job dissatisfaction.

Hygiene factors are sources of job dissatisfaction, and they are found in the job contest or work setting..

Motivator factors in the job content are sources of job satisfaction.

- Equity theory, social comparison

: Adam's equity theory posits that people will act to eliminate any felt inequity in the rewards received for their work in comparison with others.

- Organizational justice, procedural justice, distributive justice

: Organizational justice concerns how fair and equitable people view workplace practices.

Procedural justice is the degree to which rules are always properly followed to implement policies

Distributive justice is the degree to which all people are treated the same under a policy.

- Expectancy