Apa Format

What is the difference between summaries, paraphrase, and quotation? Describe each of them.

References contained throughout the body of an essay are called in-text citations. The three types of in-text citations are summaries, paraphrases, and direct quotes. Summaries, paraphrases, and direct quotes all require in-text citations.

Quotations

Direct quotations are to be used when including information within a paper that is copied word for word from a source. Use quotation marks, along with a page or paragraph number, when you are directly citing information taken from an outside resource.

Paraphrases

When you would like to include information from other sources, but need to avoid increasing the number of direct quotations, you can paraphrase the information. A paraphrase restates material from a source in your own words. The meaning of the text is conveyed without using the exact words of the author of the source.

Summaries

Summaries are used to condense an author's main ideas. Similar to paraphrasing, summaries are written in your own words, but are helpful in reducing large amounts of writing into a few words or sentences.

The bulk of an academic paper should contain your own ideas, which can be supported by material, which is paraphrased, summarized, or quoted from references. Check with your instructor for specific guidelines regarding the use of outside resources within your paper.

Exercise 4: In-Text Citations Worksheet Answer Key

Answers will vary. Possible answers are in red.

1. Directions: Create an in-text citation using the information from the following book. Mention the author in the text and use a direct quotation.

Book with one author

Quotation: A student in distance learning courses needs to ensure that he or she has a designated space for learning that supports his or her unique learning style. This personal learning space should be equipped with the necessary equipment that the student will need for school and be a comfortable working space.