Steve Jobs

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For the biography, see Steve Jobs (book).

Steve Jobs

Jobs holding a white iPhone 4 at Worldwide Developers Conference 2010

Born Steven Paul Jobs

February 24, 1955(1955-02-24)[1][2]

San Francisco, California, U.S.[1][2]

Died October 5, 2011(2011-10-05) (aged 56)[2]

Palo Alto, California, U.S.

Nationality American

Ethnicity Arab, German[3]

Alma mater Reed College (dropped out)

Occupation Co-founder, Chairman and CEO, Apple Inc., Co-founder and CEO, Pixar, Co-founder and CEO, NeXT Inc.

Years active 1974-2011

Board member of The Walt Disney Company,[4] Apple Inc.

Religion Zen Buddhism

Spouse Laurene Powell

(1991-2011, his death)

Children 4 - Lisa Brennan-Jobs, Reed, Erin, Eve

Relatives Mona Simpson (sister)

Signature

Steven Paul Jobs (/ˈdʒɒbz/; February 24, 1955 - October 5, 2011)[5][6] was an American businessman, designer and inventor. He is best known as the co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of Apple Inc. Through Apple, he was widely recognized as a charismatic pioneer of the personal computer revolution[7][8] and for his influential career in the computer and consumer electronics fields. Jobs also co-founded and served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of directors of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, when Disney acquired Pixar.

In the late 1970s, Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak engineered one of the first commercially successful lines of personal computers, the Apple II series. Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of Xerox PARC's mouse-driven graphical user interface, which led to the creation of the Apple Lisa and, one year later, the Macintosh. During this period he also led efforts that would begin the desktop publishing revolution, notably through the introduction of the LaserWriter and the associated PageMaker software.[9]

After losing a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985, Jobs left Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the higher-education and business markets. In 1986, he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm, which was spun off as Pixar.[10] He was credited in Toy Story (1995) as an executive producer. He remained CEO and majority shareholder at 50.1 percent until its acquisition by The Walt Disney Company in 2006,[11] making Jobs Disney's largest individual shareholder at seven percent and a member of Disney's Board of Directors.[12][13]

After difficulties developing a new Mac OS, Apple purchased NeXT in 1996 in order to use NeXTSTEP as the basis for what became Mac OS X.[14] As part of the deal Jobs was named Apple advisor. As Apple floundered, Jobs took control of the company and was named "interim CEO" in 1997, or as he jokingly referred to it, "iCEO". Under his leadership, Apple was saved from near bankruptcy, and became profitable by 1998. [15] [16] Over the next decade, Jobs oversaw the development of the iMac, iTunes, iPod, iPhone, and iPad and on the services side, the company's Apple Retail Stores, iTunes Store and the App Store.[17] The enormous success of these products and services, providing years of stable financial returns, propelled Apple to become the world's most valuable publicly traded company in 2011.[18] The reinvigoration of the company is regarded as one of the greatest business turnaround stories in history.[19][20][21]

In 2003, Jobs was diagnosed with a pancreas neuroendocrine tumor. Though it was initially treated, he reported a hormone imbalance, underwent a liver transplant in 2009, and appeared progressively thinner as his health declined.[22] On medical leave for most of 2011, Jobs resigned as Apple CEO in August that year and was elected Chairman of the Board. He died of respiratory arrest related to his metastatic tumor on October 5, 2011. He continues to receive honors and public recognition for his influence in the technology and music industries.

Contents [hide]

1 Early life and education

2 Early career

3 Career

3.1 Apple Computer

3.2 NeXT Computer

3.3 Pixar and Disney

3.4 Return to Apple

3.5 Resignation

4 Business life

4.1 Wealth

4.2 Stock options backdating issue

4.3 Management style

4.4 Inventions and designs

4.4.1 Apple Computer I

4.4.2 Apple computer II

4.4.3 The Macintosh Computer

4.4.4 The NeXT computer

4.4.5 iMac

4.4.6 iPod

4.4.7 iPhone

4.5 Philanthropy

5 Personal life

5.1 Health issues

6 Death

7 Honors and public recognition

8 Reality distortion field

9 Portrayals and coverage in books, film, and theater

9.1 Books

9.2 Documentaries

9.3 Films

9.4 Theater

10 References

11 Further reading

12 External links

12.1 Articles

12.2 Interviews