Neuronal Control of Smooth Muscle

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Neuronal Control of Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle: worksheet

PLEASE SUBMIT USING THE DIGITAL WORKSHEET ON MOODLE.

INTRODUCTION (NO MORE THAN 200 WORDS)

Begin with an overview of the problem being investigated. Within this overview, summarise your knowledge of the normal autonomic innervation and control of gastrointestinal smooth muscle. Finish this with the experimental hypothesis and aims. Make sure you reference where appropriate (maximum 5 references for whole report).

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for multiple bodily functions which are not under our conscious control. The autonomic system is composed of sympathetic (“flight or fight”) nerves and parasympathetic (“rest and digest”) nerves, they synergistically work together to create a homeostatic internal environment. The practical aims to investigate a piece of rabbit ileum and to deduce if parasympathetic and/or sympathetic innervation is present and functional.

It is hypothesized that the ileum used as our subject for the experiment is sympathetic in nature, thus noradrenaline should stimulate a response and should be inhibited by phentolamine.

The aim of the practical is to investigate how the autonomic nervous system alters the spontaneous contractions of the ileum. Also to utilize pharmacological tools in order to determine whether sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves are being stimulated.

METHODS (NO MORE THAN 200 WORDS)

Summarise the specific experimental protocols you have designed and utilised in order to test your hypothesis.

The experiment protocols were conducted on an isolated piece of ileum in an organ bath filled with 50 ml of physiological saline solution that held a constant temperature of 37 C and was continuously bubbled with carbogen gas.

In order to test our hypothesis we conducted a number of experimental protocols as followed

1) Electrical stimulation of the isolated ileum to determine whether the ileum is sympathetic or parasympathetic in nature.

2) Introducing the agonists to the organ bath (Drug A and Drug B) individually to determine which one is noradrenaline or acetylcholine.

3) Based upon the result of experimental protocol (2) the specific antagonists will be added to the organ bath followed by the agonists to determine if we have correctly deduced what drug was A and B as

RESULTS (INSERT ALL OF YOUR EXPERIMENTAL FIGURES AND TABLES – NO TEXT IN THIS SECTION)

Table 1. Observed amplitude on ileum