Iconography of Buddha

Iconography of Buddha

The "Buddha and Attendants" from the Kushan period is rich in iconography. This particular period spanned from the late first century to the early second century CE. It is carved from Red sandstone, carved from a singular block. Its dimensions are approximately (69.2 cm) in height and (48.0 cm) in width. This sculpture is housed in Mathura, India in the Governmental Museum. A specific artist is unknown but it comes from Katra Keshadev, Mathura, Madura Pradesh India. The iconography in this sculpture is reflective of its cultures beliefs at this time, and present times.

To the untrained eye, the symbolism is unapparent, but to those who know there are several examples of iconography. The sculpture is carved or chiseled from red sandstone. This sculpture contains much intricacy and complexity. There are several layers of elements in this carving. From the most anterior image to the images located in the hind ground. All serve a purpose in the iconography and total message of the image. The style of the sculpture is comparable to the culture of the indigenous people. Most artwork in this area reflects their religion, Buddhism. Buddhist symbols have a balance that gives the tranquility. This image can be idealistic or illusion. The sculpture is an idealistic representation of where the individuals of this religion want to be. A sense of tranquility or nirvana, at peace with one's self. A direct similarity can be drawn from page 82 of the Art A Brief History "Standing Buddha", from Gandara (Pakistan) is from the Kushan period, 2nd or 3rd century CE, and is stored in Lahore Museum. This statue shares many similarities with the sculpture. The visual similarities are apparent however; these individual images represent two distinct styles of interpretation of Buddha. Gandhara, which is in the northwest, which would be present day Pakistan and of gangistan, and Mathura, which is central India. The Gandhara school of Buddhism portrays Buddha as a powerful Buddha, where as the Mathura Buddha is more tranquil and peaceful, far less stoic. They both share common characteristics. The robe and the earlobes are common. In addition, a third school of Buddhism is the Amaraiciti; developed in the south.

Many specific visual qualities are distinctive in their ability to carry intellectual meaning. One symbol is the lotus flower. The lotus flower represents nirvana or inner peace and a state of tranquilities. The second is an ancient sun symbol or chakra. This wheel is a symbol of various states of existence. This is also the "wheel of life." The chakra's meaning depends on the number of spokes it has. In addition, hand symbols, or gestures, represent different states of being. This is known as mudras. Hands in the lap form are known as oryana late mudra. This is a form of mediation or balance is the key to enlightenment. Knowing the existence of