How Does Training Affect Performance

How does training affect performance?

Training affects performance in numerous ways, the training of energy systems such as the alactic, lactic acid and aerobic all combine to enhance an athlete's ability to function efficiently. There are many types of training which can help boost performance, they can be classified as aerobic, anaerobic, flexibility and strength. However, without knowing and applying the principles of training an athlete could find their results plateau out over some time. The whole point of training is to seek physiological adaptions which are favourable to an athlete's activity. Once the four parts of training are combined effectively, training has a great positive affect on how an athlete performs.

The training of energy systems is of paramount importance if a competitor wishes to see improved performances as a result of training. There are three types of energy systems: Alactic (atp/pc), Lactic Acid and Aerobic. The Alactic system is used mainly for explosive movements such as lifting weights or most athletic field events, the system has no by products other than heat and lasts 10-15 seconds. After the alactic system is used up, the lactic acid system kicks in supplying around 30 seconds of energy at full capacity, the cause of fatigue in this system is when lactic acid accumulates faster than it can be removed. If the exercise is less intense the aerobic system is the main source of fuel, this system can last for 12hrs at rest or 1 hour of hard work with the only cause of fatigue being depletion of fuel (carbohydrates, fats, proteins). While different activities use predominately once source of fuel, it is important to remember that all systems are active when exercising. The training of energy systems is important to increasing performance; however, this can't be done without knowing what type of training to participate in.

Through engaging in types of training that are relevant to an athlete's activity, the competitor in general will notice sound increases in performance levels. There are four different kinds of training in which people can participate in: Aerobic, Anaerobic, flexibility and strength. The aerobic style of training is relatively low in intensity and focuses on training the energy system that supplies energy in the presence of oxygen, the four aerobic training types are continuous, fartlek (speed play), aerobic interval and circuit. Anaerobic training in contrast uses high intensity work coupled with limited recovery to develop the energy systems that supply energy in the absence of oxygen. Short anaerobic training last less than 25 seconds and aims at increasing ATP/PC system, medium anaerobic focuses on enhancing the lactic acid system and should last 25secs-1min, also focusing on the lactic system as well as the aerobic system long anaerobic training should last 1-2min. flexibility in a training regime is highly important, it is essential