Dark Ages

1. Violence was shocking

2. Homicides, 1/100 murderers was brought to justice

3. People knew death was the penalty for a crime, but didn't let it stop them

4. Religious disputes and tensions between paganism and Christianity

5. Purity, "men's way of life vs. gods way of life"

6. Man's decisions determine where he spends eternity

7. Fight for power

8. Aristocrats vs. crown holders

9. The willingness to lead

10. Paganism took over Christianity (infiltrated, subverted) it was supposed to destroy

11. Pagan ideas, rituals, and customs were weaved into the Christian faith

12. Saints became popular, replicas were wanted

13. New traditions were adopted(burning of candles)

14. Leo III defended Christianity to a huge extent

15. Was a target

16. Christian art was restored because it reflected ancient heritage

17. Medieval world-no high cultural or technological development

18. Rome reached great standards, romans achieved many things

19. Age that followed was not as accomplished

20. Pirates blocked sea routes

21. People were not fed...etc...bad living conditions

22. Strong, healthy, shrewd, handsome, beautiful, and lucky flourished

23. Europe under aristocracy, noble

24. Most nobles proved themselves in battle

25. Titles evolved, duke, count, baron, or marquis

26. Lowest-knight, became knight

27. Royalty was invested with glory

28. King, lord of men

29. Praised

30. Office went from descent to election?

31. Sovereigns, supreme ruler, seeked freedom from the Vatican

32. "outside the church there is no salvation"

33. "holy see"-the see of Rome,, the office of jurisdiction of the pope, the papal court

34. "The church is the work of an incarnate God like all God's works, it is perfect. It is therefore incapable of reform.

35. Medieval mind, man's total lack of ego

36. No true identity, go by just a name they pick up

37. No awareness of time

38. Once churches grew strong and centralized, knighthood started dying

39. The knightly way of life was no longer practical

40. Soldiers were well armed and trained better than knights...1300-1400ish

41. A.D. 1500, most sovereign dynasties were in place

42. A force strengthened by emerging feelings of national among the masses was reshaping Europe

43. A.D. 1300 Europe started to rebuild

44. Papacy, office of the pope

45. Classes emerged

46. Rebirth of education and learning

47. Renaissance=rebirth

48. Began around early 1400s

49. Most influential renaissance men were writers, scholars, philosophers, educators, statesmen, and independent theologians.

PART 2, THE SHATTERING..

50. Magellan, mightiest explorer of history

51. Very pious and modest

52. Assumed that the Madonna (virgin Mary) was responsible for his accomplishments

53. Spanish

54. Sailed around the world

55. RELIGIOUS REVOLUTION, split Christendom and signaled an end to the medieval world

56. Carlos I commissioned Magellan to go west and claim Spanish possession of an archipelago in hands of rival, Manvel I of Portugal

57. Were spice islands

58. Were considered priceless

59. 2 became Magellan's

60. Would receive 5% of profit from archipelago

61. Magellan was killed before he could ever reach there

62. He landed in Philippines, went around the world, discovered a straight

63. Some people declared his expedition a myth and "impossible"

64. Francis Drake

65. Intensions