Dam/dijk Building Case in China

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CONTENT

INTRODUCTION        

POTENTIAL FUTURE PROJECTS        

COUNTRY BACKGROUND        

GEOGRAPHY        

INFRASTRUCTURE        

POLITICS AND CULTURE        

Economic Strength        

ENHANCE THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT        

THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA’S ECONOMY        

Legal Facilities or Limitations        

PERMITS and LICENSES        

LABOR LAW        

BUSINESS ETHICS        

Conclusion and Recommendations        

Bibliography        

INTRODUCTION

This report is focus on the dam/dijk building case in China. The reason why China is recommended in this report is that China is covered with abundant water resources. Besides, China is growing fast nowadays, due to the strategic decision of the sustainable development, building dams to provide the clean hydro energy is imperative. For instance, there were already 23 dams completed and 46 dams planned along the Yangtze River basin. (InternationalRivers Org., 2013) These facts show that China has great possibility to build more dams.

In order to introduce potential future dam building projects, the country background, such as geography, infrastructure, politics and culture, economic strength will be discussed in detail to give recommendations about building dams in China.

• Report Structure

In the beginning of this report the potential future projects will be provided so that the rest content will be based on those future potential projects.

The country background will be discussed first to provide the basic information that related to the future potential projects. The geography, infrastructure, and politics and culture will be discussed in this section to see what barriers or difficulties as well as benefits are regarding to constructions of dam building projects in China.

The information of Economic strength will be provided right after the country background. During this section, the reasons why building dams in China is imperative will be stated in detail.

The legal facilities or limitations such as labor laws, business ethics, and required permits will be generally discussed in this section to clarify how to conduct construction business in China.

Last but not the least, the conclusion will be given to summarize the whole report and the recommendations will be given based on the overall analysis.

POTENTIAL FUTURE PROJECTS

Since China is now developing very fast, the hydropower development is targeted in the 12th Five-Year Plan for Energy Development^[1] to “construct 160 GW of hydropower capacity and to raise nationwide hydropower capacity to 290 GW” by 2015 (Li, Yao, Yu, & Guo, 2014). In this case, building dams is necessary for China to enhance its construction of hydropower capacity. Nowadays, China already has more than 25,800 dams that are supplying hydropower. (InternationalRivers Org., 2014) By the year 2020, the Chinese government wants to reach the capacity to 380 GW by expanding the hydropower generation. (InternationalRivers Org., 2014) Under its 12th Five-Year Plan, the Chinese government is planning to build new hydropower plants on Salween River, Lancang River, Jinsha River, and the Brahmaputra River. (InternationalRivers Org., 2011) The following three areas could lead to future potential projects because the of hydropower development.

• Yangtze River Basin

In the Yangtze River Basin, the Three Gorges Dam was accomplished in 2008 and can generate a total power of 18,3 GW. Yangtze River, as the longest river in china, there could be more possibility to build the dams along its basin. The Three Gorges Dam was a successful example of building dams along the Yangtze River.

Three Dams has been already proposed on the Upper Yangtze River. The Upper Yangtze River is also known as Jinsha River. The three dams are the Xiaonanhai Dam located in Louhuang town^[2], Zhuayangxi Dam located on the main channel of Yangtze River between Xiangjiaba Dam^[3] and Three Gorges Dam, and the Shipeng Dam that also located in the same area as Zhuayangxi Dam. (InternationalRivers Org., 2012) These could be all potential future projects if the Chinese government approves the proposals.

• Brahmaputra River

The Brahmaputra River has 7 dams that are at undergone site preparation phase. (InternationalRivers Org., 2013) The Zangmu Hydropower Station has been under construction since 2010; and it can generate the hydropower of 510MG. (Krishnan, 2013) The Zangmu Hydropower Station is located on the middle reaches of Brahmaputra between counties of Sangri^[4] and Gyaca^[5] in Tibet. (Jiang & He, 2011)

However, China promoted 3 new dams to be built on the middle reaches of the Brahmaputra River for the year 2015. (Krishnan, 2013) The three dams are the Dagu Dam located 18km upstream of Zangmu, the Jiacha Dam located downstream of Zangmu, and the Jiexu Dam located 11 km upstream of Zangmu. (InternationalRivers Org., 2012) There could also be future potential projects if the proposals get approved.

• Salween River

China has planned to build 13 dams long the Salween River. (InternationalRivers Org., 2014) Under the Chinese 12th Five-Year Plan, there are 5 dams are proposed to start construction in locations of Songta, Maji, Yabiluo, Liuku and Saige. (InternationalRivers Org., 2014) Once the proposals are approved, there appear another chances of the future dam building potential.

COUNTRY BACKGROUND

The country background will be mainly focused on the aspects of infrastructure, geography, and politics and culture. These aspects will be discussed in detail based on potential future dam building projects to see what benefits and barriers of constructing dams are.