Courts in Criminal Justice

Courts in Criminal Justice

Renee Swartz

CRJS 215

August 7, 2016

Kathleen Mitchell

        United States Court System is made up of 2 types of systems the first one is the Federal Court and the second one is the State Court. Federal court is made up of 2 different types of systems. The first Federal Court is the Article III court and the second one is the Article I court United State courts. Article I court system as followed by the Magistrate Courts, United States Court of Military Appeals, the Bankruptcy Courts, United States Court of Veteran’s Appeals, and the United States Tax Court. Judges of these courts are appointed by the United States president with advice and consent of the senate and hold office for a set number of 15 years.

        Article III courts get their name from their power from Article III of the constitution (United State Courts). The Article III courts of the constitution are (1) United States Supreme Court (2) United States District Courts and (3) the United States Circuit Courts of Appeal. The two special courts that the United States has are the United States court of International Trade and the United States Court of Claims. These courts are special unlike other courts; these are not courts of the General Jurisdiction. General Jurisdiction of the courts can hear any case. All judges of the Article III courts are appointed by the United States president with advice and consent of the senate and hold the office during good behavior.

        Ohio Court of Appeals Ohio Circuit Courts is the trial courts the most power in Ohio. These courts handle felony criminal cases as if the accused would get prison sentence if they are guilty and that the cases are more than 25,000 comprehensive powers in Ohio. Circuit Courts in Ohio handle personal protection cases, divorces, and adoption and paternity cases. If a defendant believes his rights have been violated at a trial in the Circuit court then an appeal would be filed in the Ohio court of appeals. Defendants cannot file appeal because he was found guilty; a violation of the defendants’ rights has to be in question and some kind of legal basis for appeal. Ohio courts of Appeals are intermediate appellate court and are the highest appellate court in the United States. Cases could be appealed to the Ohio court from final orders of the Circuit courts as for some Ohio probate court cases and agency orders.  

        United States Supreme Court is the court that is the highest court in nation. United States Supreme court’s decisions cannot be appealed to any other court. The United States Supreme Court does have original jurisdiction of a few cases. One would be a suit against 2 states. The second one would be a suit that would be brought by the United States against the state. (Federal Judiciary, n.d). The president of the United States has the authority to nominate the justices and they are appointed with the recommendation and approval of the senate. In American Intercontinental University (AIU) (2016), “The justices are appointed by the president and are confirmed by the senate under Article III of the United States Constitution.”