Chapter 2 Oral Communication

1. Describe the three stage process of perception.

The first step of perception is selective attention. Select attention is essentially what we choose to pay attention to and what we choose to ignore. Needs and wants dictate mostly what we choose to pay attention to. It can range from what TV shows we watch or the food we eat.

The second step in the process of perception is organization. In the process of organization we organize the stimuli that we allow in from our selective attention. We ca organize the stimuli by similarity, proximity, or closure.

Interpretation is the final step in the process of perception. Many different variables go into the way we interpret the stimli we take in, Past experiences play a key role in the way we interpret different situations. Our overall attitude about a certain thing may ifluence our interpretation.

2. What is attribution?

Attribuion is the reaon we give for our behavior. Suppose you are a teacher and a student does not come to class you may perceive this to be lazy. Self-serving bias is a form of attribution. Self-serving bias occurs when we blame other to make ourselves look better.

3. Define self concept and self esteem.

Self concept is the way we see ourselves. Self esteem is how we measure our value or self worth.

4. How does feedback from others affect the way we view ourselves?

Feedback from other can influence our decisions. If people belive we can become a doctor or lawyer then you would be more likely to try and achieve these goals. Conversely if people belive you cant achieve these goals then you may become to belive these statements.

5. What is self- fulfilling prophecy?

Self fulfilling prophecy is when we behave the way others expect us to.

6. How does stereotyping distort reality?

Stereotyping distort reality because we begin to lump single people into a whole based on vague observations.

7. How can we ensure our perceptions of ourselves and others are accurate.

Perception checking is the way we can ensure our perceptions are correct. By asking questions such as if the person hears the same thing will allow you to have a better idea of how they are feeling or reacting. Stating your observations clearly is another example. The final example is to offer alternative interpretations.