Cases & Legal

Flute

Charlotte - Made flute (Rights Approach)

Bob - Poor (Social Justice)

Annie - Plays the flute (Unitarianism)

Rights to have the flute

Charlotte cause she made it (own)/left to be alone/education

Bob - decent standard of living/education

Annie - Education

Ethical Theories

Non-

Ethics of duties: Free will (rationality & duty), universalizing free will, focus on the action.

If everyone agrees that what you're doing is right, then is ethical.

It's only looking at the action, not the consequences.

Act out of rationality

Kant in Nazi Germany

Give up Jews (Telling the Truth)

- Do not lie

- Duty as a citizen (Right reason)

- Do it because of fear (Wrong reason)

Continue Hiding (Lying)

- Duty to neighbors

- Emotions (does not count according to Kant)

Are Nazi laws universal?

Priorities? What comes first the duty as a friend or the duty as a citizen?

Free will?

Fear: Does not apply according to Kant since the decision will be made on sentimental basis

Decision

Hide Don't Hide

-Duty as a friend - Illegal

-Respect

Limitations to Kantian Ethics

- Not realistic (no emotions)

- Disregards the context

- Passive

- Disregards consequences

- Conflict of duties

The Rights Approach

Also, doesn't look at consequences

Social Justice (Contractarianism) I

Fairness

Original position (veil of ignorance)

Everyone has the same rights and duties, regardless whether he's rich or poor

Make sure whatever you do is the greatest benefit of the least advantaged

Ethics of Quota

Pros

- Promote Equality

- Give a group a chance

- Overcome stereotypes

Cons

- Incompetent people win

- Over-qualifications

- Increases Inequality

- Underserving

- Violate free choice

- Inequality (Regards to same group)

Problems

What is the fgerafe

Legal Quota ←-→ Voluntary

Relative Goal

Vague

January 24, 12

Ethical Theories