Cardiovascular System

State the possible adverse effects to a pt on digoxin and lasix?

-Can lead to low potassium=HYPOkalemia=dysrhythmia

Define the action of an Inotropic agent?

It increases the strength of ventricular contraction and decreases the pulse rate

high risk for clotting

Describe the action of an ACE inhibitor to treat HF?

-lower the BP

decrease peripheral vascular resistance, improve cardiac output, and have proven to extend lives of patients with HF and lengthen the time between admissions.

Discuss the effect of a thiazide diuretic on type 2 DM and anti diabetic medication?

Increase the blood glucose levels

Diabetics may need to increase the dosage of insulin

Describe the pt teaching r/t dietary modifications for a pt on thiazide diuretic?

-weigh pt daily= same time of the day w/same amt of clothing

-watch potassium levels

-leads to excretion of electrolytes and water

eat foods with potassium such as: avocados, banana, kiwis, oranges, dried apricots, watermelon, salmon, almonds, peanuts, chicken, pork, broccoli, pinto beans, brussel sprouts, lentils, sweet potatoes, chick peas, carrot juice, orange juice, and prune juice.

Describe s/sx of HF & pharmalogical tx for LEFT sided HF?

Loop diuretics

ace inhibitors

think (L)left (L)"lung"= dyspnea, SOB, crackles, tachycardia, pulmonary edema, wheezing, pink frothy sputum, pleural effusion, and cough.

Discuss difference btwn. a potassium sparing diuretic & wasting diuretic? Give an example.

Potassium sparing=aldactone

decrease the sodium potassium exchange

contraindicated in pts w/ hyperkalemia since further retention of potassium could cause a fatal cardiac dysrhythmia

retains sodium and water which increases the BP

List foods high in potassium

-avocados, banana, kiwis, oranges, dried apricots, watermelon, salmon, halibut, almonds, peanuts, chicken, pork, broccoli, pinto beans, lima beans, brussel sprouts, lentils, sweet potatoes, chick peas, carrot juice, orange juice, and prune juice.

25. List the normal potassium