Art Studio 2 Notes

Art Stud 2 Notes - Yambao

August 12, 2015

• "What strikes me is the fact that in our society, art has become something which is only related to objects, and not to individuals, or to life." Michel Foucault
• Don’t reproduce the everyday in everyday

• Time structures your everyday
• No originality in everyday

• Busy – you look at yourself as a machine
• Iskolar ng bayan – expected to be contemplative
• What is familiar is not necessarily known
• When you repeat something to much → naturalized → loses meaning
• Everyday – temporal and spatial; makes you automatized, you become predictable → easily controlled
• Namamayaning kaayusan – dominant force/dominant social order; who controls us?

• No notion of public good outside religion

• We ignore some of the things that aren’t part of our everyday

• Only let the people appreciate things out of the ordinary
• Trying to appreciate the work of art because of the name or quality?

• Beauty product commercials are played around 2-5pm for yayas, moms, housewives → they feel insecure and buy it
• Touch → affection → gadgets

• Touch is relational → our first identity is anchored on the notion of the other
• Touch is more personal → talks about the besideness
• PLDT Camera commercial – long distance loss of communication → idea of online and offline self

• The power of touch
• Free hugs movement

• Hugging someone and touching someone can be policed and reprimanded by someone

• What does it say about our society?
• Rules out the affect of paranoia
• Patron clientil – paranoid DSO (“only we can make you happy”)
• They say it’s a “bother” and they want to maintain peace and order

• Power of the hug: feel and recognize your existence
• Shared aspiration of the “collective”

• Makes social change possible
• Makes the DSO paranoid because they are more powerful together
• DSO wants us to be predictable

• Stretch the possibilities in everyday
• Popculture

• Institutionalized vs uninstitutionalized
• Specialized
• Disciplines
• Programatized → heightened desires to have smthg

• Ex programatized: tulay:: unprogramatized: jaywalking

• Dominant social order (DSO) – looks for unprogramatized → makes it programatized → uses it to make money
• To experience every day, reclaim the uninstitutionalized
• Rich does not dominate but the consequence of being rich

• Fuelled by greed, so you take advantage of things to the extent of another’s dispossession of things
• Capitalism logic is expansive (now not before)
• If you are not greedy, richness can be distributed
• If you want to expand make sure that people are willing to give up their resources → how?

• Make them docile bodies but healthy ones
• Docile – easy though, led, or managed

• Middle class fantasy – house, lot, car, good job
• Resist docility as problematized by the state

• Those who are docile no longer question things, you don’t look outside the DSO
• Those who are docile don’t think of an alternative future

• 911 attack → after is an increase in zombie films
• Metaphor of zombies

• Docile bodies → not thinking, half active, walking dead, contagious
• We watch these movies but we dismiss their existence

• Fire and youth idealism is going away
• New class category: precarious / precariate

• Your life is determined by someone’s own will
• Europe: no longer protected by the state

• Cemetery – invisible space, the people who live there become invisible
• Structured entertainment – so we don’t see the real problem
• Critical thinking – some people aren’t privileged to have
• Before: religions were the ones the put up universities
• State: make state pay for tuition of students

• Protect youth from corruption of the church
• Protect youth from corruption of the politicians

• Military, authorities, etc not allowed inside

• Protect youth from corruption of capitalism

• Youth is the project of the modern period

• If they are too specialized, they can be a product of capitalism

• State government conspires with economic capitalism

• Tuition fee hike means capitalism has infiltrated

• Banality of evil: complicity
• Butterfly effect: domino effect, all our decisions are connected

Auguts 26, 2015

• Technology of complicity

• Cellphones

• 2012 – socialism is the most searched word; people have an idea of welfare society
• 2013 – selfie

• FB – disenabling capacity

• Tax – inherently oppressive

• Civil tax – naturalized

• Global householding – OFWs and balikbayan box

• Affect with OFW parent because they gibe the material things via balikbayan box

• ALL CHANGE HAPPENS BECAUSE THERE IS ACTION
• Nature of desire – desire means “lack of”

• Anything you can acquire is bound to obsolescence
• No point if you have all your desires already

• We want more and more (cookie monster personality) to the extent it becomes wastage

AFFECT SENSES AND SENSIBILITIES

• Affect

• more than state of feeling, neurophysiological
• relationship between you and the external environment or “other”
• guilt/conscience – society; shame becomes affect so you cut off communication with external forces
• preindividual; unconsciously do things

• consciousness is in language → limits, no gradation

• Melancholic – capture presence of person/physicality of someone gone and is projecting into objects
• Knowledge is power

• Sense of sight is most powerful
• Sense of taste is most personal

• Malls regulate what we do, hear, feel, see

• Universal literacy

• Understood by everyone
• Easily understandable
• Captures the largest network possible

August 28, 2015

• Sensibilities

• Idea of world views
• Local moral world views

• Becomes your guide, disciplines the way you see things

• Fear when you can’t explain a specific phenomena
• “Tracking down rumours of mermaids in the lab”

• They blamed the mermaids instead of the Local Gov’t Units
• Nature of Dumaguete – university town; core is objective logical knowledge
• The university did not affect the people despite how long they’ve been there

• The logic of practice

• Mermaids guide you not to abuse the env’t
• How to justify justice in a world where we can’t seek justice from the modern system → they make their own justice system

• Body

• Space; container; has parts
• Sight of culture; skin chromatism

• Different interpretations of who we are
• Caucasian, mongoloids, negroids

• Size tells people about yourself, what you eat and put inside your body
• Soap – make people feel inferior
• Soap opera – represent domestic chores; used as the idea of gender → women do housework

• Agricultural communities

• Required that girls are “bulas” aka big and strong

• They are targeted for weight loss
• Commercial use envy

• Cordillera

• Boys have to protect the territory
• Girls in turn produce plant/ harvest

• Maybuyan

• Many breasts
• Takes care of children in the after life
• Goddess in the underworld

• The body has its limits → recognized → push limits → invent prosthetics → half human half machine

• Our own identities are now being modified

• Body is the best technology of the weak

• Utilized to subvert power (man against machine)
• Becomes suicidal
• Burning of oneself as protest

• You need warm bodies to produce change → proven in history
• Billboards

• Promises a utopia
• When people commit suicide in billboards, they show that there is no utopia

• Oicos

• Center of life
• Home, bumubuhay sa social life
• Economy
• Ecology
• Because of capitalism → took the oicos

• Physical energy becomes an excess
• Partitioned physicality and muscular dev’t

• Wellness capitalism

• Why capture excess energy?

• Middle class have class envy from workers
• Energy is revolutionary, politically potential

• Have time and energy to think

• DSO – don’t want excess energy to be a possible political change → rally

• Change happens because of energy

• Why do gov’ts allow fun run?

• Not a threat where as rallies are a threat; same energy

• Carpal tunnel – sickness of sameness
• Ideal

• 8 work
• 8 rest

•  We become the somnambulist generation (sleep walkers)
• 24/7 live feed via fb, phones, etc

• 8 realization of our potential

• Capitalism takes this via popculture and wellness capitalism

September 2, 2015

• Time – temporality
• Space – stage
• Body – actor
• Situation – script
• Performance – doing in a specific time and place
• Acculturation – becomes your second nature; who you are

• You enter society where there is language
• Language

• Your script
• Consciousness to communicate
• You don’t exist alone

• What we perform now is our second nature

1. We audition everyday – when you make new friends

1. Audited – we allow ourselves to be modified

1. We rehearse – advantage card, promos that repeat

1. Identity should be related to performance
2. What we do is who we are
3. Personality/performance shift

• Making do – resist script expected of us
• Kairos – the now, the right moment, perfect time or moment
• Time – not linear, multitemporality
• Dromos → dromology

• Study of speeding things up, acceleration of time
• Shrinking of time

• Propelled  by technology

• Increase in speed, increase in technology, increase in productivity

September 3, 2015

• We interrelate now and the future

• Philippine’s future is already made
• We seal something that refuses time itself – we see only one future
• We fail to see other futures
• The future is supposed to be ours but we cant seem to reclaim it
• Financial district – governing our society now

• Distinguish between FW and economic FW
• Alternative future

• Cuba

• Educational system
• Health services
• Low death rate and disasters
• Low HIV cases
• Thriving

• Bhutan

• GDP and GNP index of happiness
• Only remaining kingdom

• To be FW

• Capitalist country
• Neo-colonial, open yourself (even if weak)

• Consequence

• You become vulnerable
• We depend too much on the states but the states isn’t stable, changes from Republic to Dominican

• Human rights violation
• OFWs abroad sent
• Extraction of resources but its now gone so cheap labor → OFWs

• The problem is were not voting statesmen and women, instead we vote for entrepreneurs, old rich → we r weak
• America

• Democratic – liberal
• Republican – conservative
• K12 – cheap labor mode, people can work early

• Young adult dystopian movies and books

• Revolt against the state and not against the source of exploitation and dehumanization that is capitalism
• Problem with capitalism is that it is invisible and insidious
• Children have the role of unsealing the future
• The state is US, it is the democracy were supposed to protect

• Ecology

• Root word: OICOS – household
• Family – servitude, familiarity
• Ecology

• Relationship between living things and environment
• Companies make an ecology: iphone, ipad, mac → all linked
• We are anthropocentric
• We only take care of nature because man will benefit from it
• Example of ants vs termites

• Ants are important for land quality

• Divisoria – most important and expensive land, where money circulates
• Should take away the anthropocentrism
• We blame indigenous people for kaingin ++ but its our fault because we did not coexist with them
• No more connection w nature in the urban areas
• AUTOPOESIS – self making

• Based on instinct
• Only do what you want and need

• Oicos is divided        

• Used to be more powerful
• Becomes private sphere/domestic sphere

September 9, 2015

• Globalization

• Deals with dependency and interdependence
• 1st, think to ask: who owns the globe?

• Homi K Bhabha: The Globe shrinks for those who own it; for the displaced or the dispossessed, the migrant or refugee, no distance is more awesome than the few feet across borders or frontiers.

• America

• Central colonial history → pop culture is their only culture
• Philippines was a stop station because of the wide variety of flora and fauna
• We were considered gas station when they really wanted china

• Capitalists – all they want to do and expand
• 1st to declare nationhood: France
• 1st to expand and adapt capitalism: England
• Delayed modernism; no industrialization: Spain
• You can’t close nation to all countries
• We sell labor because we no longer have natural resources
• Singapore sees the Philippines as ethno linguistic (based on region)
• Broken English – language of trade

• Cosmopolitanism

• When you share what you think is global
• Watching movies, music, what you share
• Boys: abs, H&M, Uniqlo

• More NGOs = bad state
• Technology

• Anything that extends our capacity as human beings
• Deprivation of technology → we are not yet modern
• Technology replaces manpower
• No black box end users/consumers
• Our country’s best and brightest leave

September 11, 2015

• Online world hit first if there is conflict

• You disable your opponents psychologically and technologically

• Virality – acquiring  disease

• Depends on the configuration
• No 1 meaning to the image that we see
• Spatiotemporal world view of a person is different from another: commute vs drive

• Cydoughplasm – dough is shapeable
• Cybernity

• Democracy manifested somehow in cyberspace
• Shift of monopoly
• Mundane (non-news) becomes news

• Patents – product of capitalism

• Genetic piracy – we can’t use our own flora and fauna for medicine because Filipinos don’t develop their own blackbox

• Agency (personal)

• People and their actions
• Will to change the world

• Structure (social)

• Generate actions of an agency

• When you’re an outsider, you look for a structure in an unfamiliar world

September 16, 2015

• ISA (Ideological State Apparatus)

• Religion, education, family, culture,
• Soft power – indirect, cannot be felt sometimes, insidious

• RSA (Repressive State Apparatus)

• Government, police, prisons
• Works if ISA is not followed
• Dissensus – exercise agency (dissent – publicly disagree)
• Hard power – enters when soft power doesn’t work

• If not followed: eliminated in the system

• Habitus

• Deeply embedded tattoos or habits
• Physical embodiment of the cultural capital
• Ex: sports they play

• Hexis

• How you present yourself during interaction

• Cultural capital

• Collection of symbolic elements
• Dictates a person’s social order, high CC, high power

• Field

• A variety of distinct arenas
• Has their own set of rules and forms of capital

• Biopolitics

• Manage biological needs
• Ex: med insurance policies

• Precarity

• Lack of predictability and security, disposable
• Precariousness – vunerability shared by mortals

• Necropolitics

• Use of idea of death to promote and create order

September 19, 2015

• Panopticon

• Constant surveillance
• 1st panoptic: good
• This is now voluntary thanks to the social network

• Modern society – from public punishment (death) to making them invisible

• Made institutions such as schools that discipline minds
• Correctional facilities so they are disciplined when they join facilities again

• Subversion

• To turn from from within
• Let in but don’t follow

• Resistance

• Don’t let in, there is pleasure in resisting/beating the system
• Refusal to comply
• Ex. antiglobalization movement → resistance to transnational corporations

• Strategies

• Structure
• In the hands of the powerful → long term grand plan

• Tactics

• Agency
• Specific techniques required to achieve goals → short term

• Polis – society and city
• Lex Pater – law of the father

September 23, 2015

• Vita Activa
• Homolaborans → within the oicos/house
• Labor

• Private small sector, for survival
• No freedom because we are bound by our biological needs

• Homofaber → fable/fabricate (man as a maker)
• Work

• Public, slightly more free

• Zoopolitikon
• Action

• Real freedom
• Communicative
• delibrative

• Natality

• Inertia, need something new for change

• Public sphere

• Height of public sphere – arm body conversation

September 30, 2015

• Culture

• Process of tansforming, producing, and changing
• Evolving, changing collective identity
• Colere – latin, to till the soil
• Cult – honors with worship

• Ethnocentrism

• Group centered
• Your culture/ethnicity is the standard of how culture should be

• Dominant social order

• Produce, circulate, mediates the masses
• Bought down to: masses (possible via ISA)

• Hipsters – non conformity
• Emergent cultural practice – always a candidate to be the dominant culture practice
• Residual culture
• Popular culture

• Specialized, industrialize, problematized
• Accepted by many, the majority
• 8 work
• 8 sleep
• 8 substantial meaningful recreation, maximize potential

• Culturally odourless

• Not offensive to any race or culture
• No preference
• Cuts across classes/genders/etc

• Mass culture – largest possible clientil
• Universal literacy – no bias
• Culture industry – high jacks the last 8
• Characteristics of popular culture

• All about the youth

• Your priority is yourself, different when u grow up
• Easily influenced
• Technologically advanced
• Millennials have disposable income

• All about the middle class

• Instrument of popular culture
• Have the consuming power
• Center of classes
• Rise of the middle class during industrial revolution
• State universities educate the middle class so they acquire the power to have social upward mobility
• Problem: mimic the fantasy of being elite, feel entitled, are supposed to bridge the gap between the rich and poor but end up aligning themselves to the elite
• Middle class aspiration

• Don’t let masses vote
• Get mad at PUVs
• Traffic caused by rallies

• Pleasure driven – man is pleasure seeking, addictive
• Always urbancentric

• Scopophilia – love of being seen
• Elite makes popular culture and use the middle class as an instrument because: schizophrenic nature, used as human phase of the elite
• Counter cultures

• Counter the dominant culture
• Alternative liveable culture outside

• Subculture

• Idea that they’re always treated with suspicion
• Jejemons, gothic, gangs, bakal boys, metal
• Present an alternative culture still

• Characteristics of culture industry

• Formulate and repetitive
• Encourages conformity
• Promotes cheating its consumers of what it promises
• Promotes pseudo individuality
• Idea of promoting passivity

October 14, 2015

• Post modern

• Idea after the modern age
• Temporal condition of after
• Reaction, resistance

• Modern

• Idea of modernity (becoming a state, condition)
• Requisites:

• Technological advancement

• What is the nature of man? Thinking.
• Uneven modernity

• There are women leaders but some are still subject to domestic abuse

• Modernization – the process of getting there

• Via education and technological advancement

• Modernism – philosophy, theoretical framework

• Use reason and rationale
• Unity and wholeness
• Absolute Truth
• Progress
• Unilinear time

• Post modern

• Irrationality/passion
• Pragments
• Subjective
• Truths
• Multilinear time
• Music is improvisational

• Simulacra

• Question reality
• Sensationalism
• Reality can be filtered
• Characterize inability to distinguish reality from fantasy

• Postmodernism is dead → contemporary
• To some extent we will need order, necessary fictions
• Pastiche

• Copy someone’s style
• Cut and paste
• positive: we can make a parody to show irony
• negative: running out of ideas

• Kitsch

• opposite of art, product of genuine creativity not easy
• desires that everything is hard
• simulacra of art

• You need to labor so you can enjoy life, you need to enjoy life because you need to labor the next day

October 21, 2015

• Reading vs Appreciation

• Appreciation is merely accepting, reading you can be critical
• Appreciation: comply, passive, submissive
• Reading: question content, critique

• Critical

• Grounded informed analysis w praxis (action)

• Semiotics – reading and study of signs

• Signifier – material aspect (red light, apple)
• Signified – concept behind the signifier (stop, phone)

• Kahulugan in tagalong

• Form

• Kaanyuan, element
• Physical description

• Content

• Nilalaman
• Concept, representation substance

• Context

• Social matrix
• Historical, geographical, social context

• Dominant reading

• Intent conveyed by producer and accepted by reader

• Oppositional reading

• Contradict, don’t accept

• Negotiated reading

• Always  “pero”

October 23, 2015

• Power reliant on knowledge
• Power

• Knowledge and fluid
• There is power when there is resistance

• Only way to realize power, realize power is vulnerable

• Repressive and productive

• Mode of production

• Don’t just look at a product, look at the process
• Commodity fetish – looking at just the product

• Representation – understand, analyze, capacity to represent reality using symbols, linked to language
• We cannot think of a reality outside of language
• Nothing meaningful exists outside the realm of language
• We exist because of language
• Understand subjectivity

• Object – lifeless
• Subject – with lide

• Create

• Track circuits
• Understand and analyze use of power
• Representation
• Subjectivity

October 28, 2015

• Crisis

• Breakdown of control
• Weiji in china meaning danger opportunity
• Critical categories, art and  expression, and everyday (language, race, ethnicity, class, etc – what you acquire, consume, economic, condition, etc) affects your subjectivity

• Criticality

• Class – Marxism, where neo-colonialism is promoted
• Sex, gender, sexuality – feminism, LGBT, queer
• Language – structuralism, post structuralism, deconstruction, language game
• Self
• Race and ethnicity – colonialism, post colonialism

November 6, 2015

• Orientalism –set of knowledge about the orient
• Orientalists – the west, those who look at the orient from the point of view of the occident

• Best archives are with the colonizers
• System of knowing
• To define themselves (west) they have to define the east
• They used visuality so their citizens would agree and support them (no more clamour)
• East: wild, exotic/incomprehensible, feminine, infantile, savage

• Post colonialism

• State and condition of the formerly colonized
• Strategy to critique and resist the former colonizers (they did not disappear, they just evolved – still have contact with us)
• Decimate → build → spectacle
• Syncretic – mixture
• Model of nationalism is tribalism

• Most of history is written by the west, none from out POV
• Nativism – we are hybrids (no pure Filipino), capacity to mimic
• Indigenous – looking for pure Filipino
• Subaltern – not hybrid

• Not priority, marginalized
• Rendered invisible (LUMADS)
• Not capable of speaking on behalf of themselves

November 11, 2015

• The Self

• Tip of the ice berg is reality, bottom that’s hidden is desire
• Desire – regulated by society but origin of society is desire

• Role of society is repression

• You know yourself because you differentiate yourself from another
• I doesn’t exist alone, in the context of society
• Original structure of desire is amorphous or shapeless
• 2nd nature: lack of → impossible to achieve, if achievable and achieved, life has no meaning
• Chaos will come if we follow all of our desires
• I = id, self = ego, society = super ego

• Oral stage

• Need to sustain my life

• Anal stage

• I can control my ____

• Phallic stage

• Dependent on the organ
• How to differentiate/reference if I am a girl or boy
• Oedipus complex – boy’s desire for moms attention
• Penis envy
• Freud’s theory: sexist, generalized
• John Jacques Lacal – all males and females start female

1. Mirror stage

1. Disengage self from mother
2. Own identity

1. Lex pater

1. Law of the father
2. Boy subscribes to this
3. Language is made outside the house where the boys are/work and they just bring it home

• Phallogocentrism

• Male study logic centred
• Example: girl has balls → hiram ng power from the boys
• Centered law on patriarychy
• Female vs feminine vs feminist

• Female – biological
• Feminine – social, cultural, what it means to be female
• Feminist – political, ideology

• Feminist movement

• Women representation is very recent
• 1st wave: late 1800s to early 1900s

• Right to suffrage/right to vote
• Men were colonizing at this time

• 2nd wave: late 1960s to early 1970s

• Equality and labor and political participation
• Men were fighting in war at this time (Vietnam)

• 3rd wave: 1990s

• Back to house, domestic violence, marriage and divorce, abortion, rape, RH, the body/domestic sphere
• Men were inside the house, studying after the war

November 13, 2015  

• Post feminist movement

• Overlaps with the 3rd wave of the feminist movement
• Not against the feminist movement but is against the method of the traditional emancipatory period
• 1st to 3rd wave of feminist movement is about victimhood
• Use our body to fight patriarchy, celebrate our bodies
• Miley Cyrus, Lady Gaga, Beyonce, Nicki Minaj
• Objectify but you can’t have us

• Multiple feminism

• Radical

• Extreme
• Source of oppression is patriarchy
• Mode of liberation by the woman for the woman

• Liberal

• Source of oppression is patriarchy
• Mode of emancipation in political and strategic negotiation
• Insidious

• Not everyone sees feminism the same way, even inside feminism there is oppression

• White, rich, heterosexual, western, Christian oppress black, poor, homosexual, non-western, other religions → made invisible

• Being marginalized is better than being invisible

• Each is to her own individual sentiments

• Compulsory heterosexual

• Required, expected, mandatory,
• Toys prepare us for the adult word

• Heterosexuality

• Not natural but instead is social
• Appropriate, normal, ethical, moral

• Bakla

• Cowardice
• Gender sensitive: effeminate, purong babae in a man’s body
• Desire: straight men

• Gay

• Gay man, masculine
• Accepts that he can marry a woman

• Coming out

• Invisible to existing
• Because there are things they can’t “avail” of such as rights, health, etc

• Queer

• Weird, ostracized, rejecting
• Binaries, stretch, change
• Believe that sexuality is fluid
• Sexuality is a construct
• Not genetic, biological, or predetermined
• Questions even the very validity of science
• On sex:

• Don’t leave it out, interrogate sex
• Where gender and sexuality come from
• What does it mean to have a penis or vagina?

• For feminists:

• Sex is biological, gender and sexuality are social constructs

November 25, 2015

• Homosexuality – same sex bonding, sentiments, social experiences w same sexual desire (w/o this desire it is just homosocial bonding
• Pederastic courtship scene – young man sex with older man to pass on knowledge, considered a homosexual activity, opposite is immoral
• Homosocial continuum of desire

• Desire to befriend the same sex
• Different from love, love is always positive compared to desire that can be both
• Limit for boys is sooner compared to girls, shorted in terms of homosocial bonding because boys are highly surveyed in society (domain is public)
• Pinakarurok of HCD: dying for the same sex
• Verdache – double soul, babaylan/bakla → gender is performed

• Representation

• We are bound by knowledge, existence, and meaning

• Structuralism – how you create patterns, foundation

• Some people will really betray your structures, especially if youre outside your comfort zone
• Education disciplines our minds, language is power
• Binary oppositions – yes or no, trained to think this way

• The positive needs the negative
• Leads to the tendency to displace something

• Deconstruction

• Undo the construct, pagbasag
• Behind the white washed walls is a slum

November 27, 2015

• Marxism

• Philippines has a class based oppression
• Wealth defines the kind of security you have
• Private property is how people get rich

• To be a capitalist you need:

• Capital
• Land
• Labor
• Entrepreneurship

• Historical materialism

• Objective, with time element
• Each history has a story of how it accumulates
• Marx: future of our material condition → revolution → change → communism

• Inevitable, we achieve communism
• Distribution of shared resources

• Dialectical materialism

• Thesis → anti thesis → synthesis → thesis → so on
• Primitive → pastoral → agricultural → industrialization → socialism → communism

• Utopia of capitalism: individual freedom
• Utopia of communism: universal/collective freedom
• Misconceptions about Marxism

1. There is a need for a revolution (only if private wont distribute land)
2. Rich become poor (instead you should life up poor)
3. Marx hates rich and wealthy people (marx doesn’t care about your origin of wealth)

• Alienation from

• Labor – product is taken from them
• Workplace – call center agent
• Realization of maximum potential

• Affective labor is value added, manual labor is paid
• 2nd form of exploitation

• Surplus → excess

• Utilized by capitalism to make profit

• The value – important in capitalism, what capitalism really cares about