A Comparison of Attitudes to Climate Change in Germany and Turkey

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BRANDENBURG UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY COTTBUS- SENFTENBERG

Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Process Engineering

Course: 41211 Environmental Social Sciences

Lecturers: Dr. Laschewski, Lutz/ Dr. Becker

Date of Submission: 30.08.2014

A comparison of Attitudes to Climate Change in Germany and Turkey

Serife Merve Kilinckaya-3357961

Contents

Introduction        

Germany   and   its Climate   Change        

Gas   Emissions        

Water   Usage        

Renewable   Energy        

Climatic   Changes   in   Turkey        

Energy   Consumption        

Waste   Product   Governance        

Energy   Efficiency        

Public   Transportation        

Great   Divides        

Political Process of Turkey in the Field of Climate Changing        

CO2 Emission in Turkey        

Comparison between the climate attitudes of Germany and Turkey        

Turkey’s Attitude towards the Kyoto Protocol:        

Conclusion:        

References:        

Introduction

Climate,  in  the  simplest  term  can  be  defined  as  the  average  of weather  conditions  of  in  any  part  of  the  earth  that  lived  or  observed  for  many  years,  but  in  the  more  systematic  approach  beside  the  point  observed  extreme  event,  we  need  to  take  into  account  the  changing  in  the  scale  of  time  and  place.  For  this  reason,  in  the  more  extended  meaning  we  can  define  the  climate  as  the  synthesis  of  weather  conditions  that  in  a  certain  area  defined  with  the  long  term  statistics  such  as  variability  of  atmosphere  elements  and  average  values.  Under  the  condition  that  weather  conditions  to  be  held  separately,  changings  in  the  statistics  of  climate  such  as  average  situation  and  standard  deviation  called  as  climate  variability  or  changeability  in  the  scale  of  all  the  time  and  area.  Climate  system,  one  of  the  most  complex  part  of  globe,  reflects  one  of  the  result  of  the  reciprocal  interaction  between  atmosphere,  land  surface,  snow  and  ice  caps,  ocean  and  other  bodies,  and  living  creatures.  The  main  reason  for change in  the  climatic  system  is  because of changing of the  globe  radiative  equilibrium.  Any  factor  that  changes  the  balance  between  sun  radiation  and  ground  radiation  affects  also  climate  system.  These  factors  appears  because  of  manmade  hazards  or  natural  period.  The  radiative  equilibrium  balance  of  the  globe  can  change  because  of  these  3  factors;  changing  of  radiative  that  comes  from  sun,  changing  in  the  rate  of  radiative  that  reflect  from  surface,  and  changing  of  the  soft  radiation  that  reflect  from  surface  to  space.  If  the  radiative  pressures  increase,  we  will observe  that  increasing  in  the  heat  energy  of  the  earth( increasing  average  temperature- global  warming),  in  process  of  radiative  pressure  decrease  we  will  face  with  the  decreasing  in  the  heat  energy  of  the  earth (decreasing  average  temperature). Natural  greenhouse  gases  that  emission  by  the  people  who  is  a part  of  living  creature  in  earth  and  other  consumer  living  creatures  should  sent  away  from  atmosphere.  In  this  perspective,  any  negative  effect  could  speak  of  on  natural  greenhouse  gases  in  the  result  of  biological  human  activities.  However,  human  societies  make  a net  impact  that  seen  by  eyes  on  natural  greenhouse  gases  with  conducted  activities  by  increasing  the  aggregation of  greenhouse  gases  in  the  atmosphere.  Increasing  in  the  amount  of  greenhouse  gases  in  the  atmosphere  in  the  consequences  of  human  activities,  causes  positive  radiation  pressure  by  decreasing  the  earth  cooling  activity  through  soft  radiation.  In  this  way,  the  positive  contribution  to  energy  balance  of  earth/atmosphere  common  balance  called  corroborated  greenhouse  effect.  As  mentioned  before,  changing  greenhouse  gases  aggregation  on  the  atmosphere  that  depend  on  human  activities  causes  many  serious  changings  in  the  earth.  First   of  all,  increasing  in  the  global  average  temperature  causes  antecedent  precipitation  irregularity  and  changing  in  the  global  climate  system  and  these  changings  effect  existence  and distribution  of  natural  resource  and  these  irregularity  also  reflect  on  social-economic  structure  of  society.  In  this  perspective  societies  have  to  do  something  in  order  to  decrease  the  greenhouse  emission, and  states  also  have  to  protect  the  harmonization  studies  that  until  now  and  in  the  future  against  possible  effects  if  they  do  not  make  provision.  

           If  we  talk  about  observations  and  predictions  about  climate  changing;  scientists  say  that  the  average  global  temperatures  is  going  to  increase  between  2.7  and  5.8  when  they  compare  the  temperatures  with  before  the  Industrial  Revolution.  Also,  this  temperature  increasing  the  biggest  increasing  in  last  10,000  year.  So, as  mentioned  before  this  effects  causes  many  serious  disaster  in  the  earth  and  of  course  in  countries.  That’s   why they have to prevent it.  As all countries affected by the climate change of course, Turkey and Germany also. Now we will take a look  the how the Germany and Turkey is going  to affected,  how  is  their  attitudes  to  the  climate  changing? [1]